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hello so uh chris lato a former

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f-16 fighter pilot has released a couple

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of videos

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that he says debunk my debunks he

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debunks the gimbal video and the go fast

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video

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now i disagree with his uh analysis and

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i'm going to explain why

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let's start with the go fast analysis

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now the majority of his

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uh criticism of this appears to be based

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on focus he spends a lot of time

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explaining that he doesn't think that

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something can be five miles away in

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focus

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camera his obvious to anyone who's ever

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flown these things is you can't focus at

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something

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10 miles away and then focus at

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something

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five miles away it just is not how

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physics works right

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and he does a bunch of uh demonstrations

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along these lines i

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i could do i could demonstrate the

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effect he's doing

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quite easily by holding up something

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halfway between the camera and my face

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my face is in focus but this thing which

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is halfway between them

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is not so you could think my face is at

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10 miles and this is at five miles and

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so

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you know you can't be both in focus at

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the same time but of course

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this this isn't actually true uh in the

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in the broad

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sense of you know 10 miles and five

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miles being in focus at the same time

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like here's

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a picture of yosemite this shows el

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capitan

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which is this big one in the front which

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is 5 miles away from the camera and it

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shows half dome

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which is 10 miles away from the camera

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and both of them are in perfect focus

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and this is at

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200 millimeters so it's not a wide angle

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lens it's actually a zoom lens

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so it's zoomed in it's not zoomed in as

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much as the app layer system of course

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but

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i also have uh a nikon p900

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which has a 2000 millimeter equivalent

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lens uh which gives it pretty much the

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same field of view as

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the app layer system and i've modified

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it to take

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infrared images it's a short wave

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infrared not long wave infrared but you

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know it's still infrared

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and i took it up to the lake and i

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focused on the far sure of the lake

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which is about four miles away

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and then i moved the camera down so i

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was looking looking at the near shore of

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the lake which was about half a mile

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away they were both in focus

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even though i was at maximum zoom full

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two thousand millimeter one degree field

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of view

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both things are in focus i did this for

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a bunch of other things it's kind of

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difficult to do

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a ground level because you always get

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this this heat haze and shimmering

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it's a little easier if you're higher up

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but it's the point is it's not

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impossible to get things in focus at the

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same time at 5 miles and 10 miles

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really his experiments in the kitchen do

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not scale to larger scale you can't take

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something on the

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order of feet like we have here where

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things are not in focus

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and scale that up to miles

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quite obviously like you know this

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picture here things are in focus

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so it goes on from that to say that

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because

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they can't both be in focus then the

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range value that's on screen must be

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wrong

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and he doesn't really justify why it's

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wrong so it's kind of basing this i

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think on this focus

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issue and then saying it must be wrong

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but in it's been

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three years now no one else has ever

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suggested that this range value

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uh is wrong and nobody seriously has

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brought it up i think

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louis elizondo briefly mentioned it but

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uh

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everybody like all the other pilots who

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have looked at it up to this point

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you know they've accepted this as far as

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i know so i'm gonna leave that one there

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because chris himself has kind of said

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you know there's a bit of doubt there

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hey this ain't no go fast what about the

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depth of field maybe the depth of field

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okay

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let's try it on this one and uh let's

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move on to the more interesting one the

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gimbal video

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so chris's argument here is that the

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object is not far away

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i made the argument that it might be a a

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jet that's far away i think it's

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probably not

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uh an airline i think it could be though

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it might just be

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another f-18 but it could be something

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that's really far away and we'll kind of

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get into that later

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now chris draws this diagram on his uh

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his video here

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this is an overhead diagram of the

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motion of the jet

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and uh he was going to draw some lines

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of bearing lines of bearing

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we show you where the camera is looking

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and it's fairly straightforward he

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has three points there's two shown here

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at the moment there's

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point one and uh

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at that point it's pointing 53 degrees

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left 0.2 is pointing 38 degrees left and

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0.3 right here is pointing 21 degrees

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left so 53

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38 21 and these are just 10 seconds

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apart

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in the video so we know a bunch of other

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things we know how fast the jet is going

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uh on screen we have the the speed so

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242 here i think we take it 241 is a

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good average because it goes from 240 to

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242.

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so 241 knots now this is the calibrated

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airspeed

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and this is an important distinction

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that you need to understand this

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a few types of ways of measuring air

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speed which is how fast you're moving

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relative to the air around you

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the two important ones here are

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calibrated air spreed and true air speed

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true air speed as the name kind of

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suggests is how

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actually fast you are moving relative to

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the air around you

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so if there's like you know a cloud here

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in the air and you zip past it

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your speed relative to that cloud which

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isn't moving is your true air speed

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there's also a calibrated air speed

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which is related to indicated airspeed

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which is how fast your instruments tell

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you

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use these little pitot

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tubes uh which measure the difference in

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pressure front and back and they

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they they have these little chambers

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which figure out uh

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how fast you're moving but the indicated

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air speed varies with altitude it's not

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the same as true airspeed

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however it's a a useful number because

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it's

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speeds are given so you're like your

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stall speed and

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uh your various other speeds that you

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need and your various other maneuvering

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things they're all given in this

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uh this indicated airspeed or rather

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calibrated airspeed which is indicated

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as speed corrected

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for the uh uh instrument errors

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so we've got two sps calibrated aspirin

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which is his number here 241 we're going

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with

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and we have true airspeed you can

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convert between the two

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and the way you do that is you take the

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altitude into account because the

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altitude

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tells you what the pressure is based on

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a standard atmosphere we're just

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assuming

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standard atmosphere here you take the

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calibrated calibrated airspeed and you

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take the altitude just plug it into one

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of these calculators

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and it comes out as being 350 knots you

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can do that here

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is 25 000 feet calibrated sp

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241 41 comes up

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true sp 350 knots so that's the number

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we're gonna

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we need if we want to know how actual

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the actual distance is moving in the air

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as opposed to calibrated airspeed which

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is an aerodynamic concept really

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not the actual movement so going back to

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chris's video

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uh he does some kind of rule of thumb

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based on his experience and knowledge

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and says that there's a certain turn

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radius

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standard rate of turn which is

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two minutes turn takes two minutes to go

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around a full 360

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which means you go three degrees every

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second so there's a standard rate of

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turn three degrees per second

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and he kind of kind of knows what the

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radius would be i think he puts it at 4

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2.4 2.4 nautical miles radius so from

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here the center of this turn to here 2.4

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nautical miles

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he's got his scale here one nautical

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mile and we're going to know how

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fast we're moving and how far we're

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going so he i'm not sure how he did this

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exactly but

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i guess it's a circle going around here

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it doesn't look like quite a perfect

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circle but it's probably

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close enough really so he starts here

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planes pointing upwards

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uh it goes to here the plane is now

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around a bit to the right and over here

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and he draws the line relative to the

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heading of the plane

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for the camera for each position so here

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53 degrees

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from straight ahead and the next one 38

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degrees from straight ahead

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and then the last one 21 degrees from

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straight ahead

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and then he shows where the intersect

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and it's pretty close saying like three

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miles away so

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that doesn't seem to really line up with

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the hypothesis

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of a distant jet does it

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so what i did is i tried to

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try to replicate this and what

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the way i did it was i used geogebra

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which is this

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nice little geometry program you can

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just stick in all kinds of numbers and

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equations and do lines and intersections

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and

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you know basically i'm trying to do the

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exact same thing he was doing so

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we've got right here this is where the

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jet is starting so this point one is the

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same as his point one

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point two here is the same as his point

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two and point three

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it's also the same as his point three

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and so you can see here we have 53

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degrees

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circle around which the plane goes

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and here i have the true airspeed at 350

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knots

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and i have the rate of turn set to three

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degrees per second now i'll explain

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at the end of the video what all these

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calculations are if you're interested in

284
00:09:42,470 --> 00:09:39,360
the math but basically this is just

285
00:09:43,350 --> 00:09:42,480
essentially the same thing as as chris

286
00:09:47,269 --> 00:09:43,360
had

287
00:09:49,750 --> 00:09:47,279
but in a more easily replicable form

288
00:09:51,590 --> 00:09:49,760
so i could do things like i could i

289
00:09:52,870 --> 00:09:51,600
could say if the true sv was actually

290
00:09:54,070 --> 00:09:52,880
450 like

291
00:09:55,910 --> 00:09:54,080
what difference would it make you know

292
00:09:59,590 --> 00:09:55,920
not a lot of difference actually so

293
00:10:02,870 --> 00:09:59,600
let's go back to 350 which is the actual

294
00:10:05,910 --> 00:10:02,880
airspeed so this is all based

295
00:10:09,509 --> 00:10:05,920
a upon a standard rate of turn

296
00:10:11,430 --> 00:10:09,519
of three degrees per second

297
00:10:13,590 --> 00:10:11,440
so the plane is turning to the left

298
00:10:17,110 --> 00:10:13,600
three degrees every second

299
00:10:21,509 --> 00:10:17,120
and it's traveling along this circle at

300
00:10:23,269 --> 00:10:21,519
um 350 knots true airspeed

301
00:10:26,790 --> 00:10:23,279
what happens though if we had a smaller

302
00:10:30,069 --> 00:10:26,800
rate of turn or if we go down to say

303
00:10:33,030 --> 00:10:30,079
2.5 now you can see here already the

304
00:10:33,350 --> 00:10:33,040
uh makes the circle a bit bigger because

305
00:10:36,389 --> 00:10:33,360
we're

306
00:10:38,710 --> 00:10:36,399
not turning so much and the

307
00:10:40,389 --> 00:10:38,720
lines the lines of bearing of the camera

308
00:10:42,389 --> 00:10:40,399
kind of go out a little bit further and

309
00:10:44,550 --> 00:10:42,399
the intersection is a little bit further

310
00:10:46,230 --> 00:10:44,560
now if you go out even further things

311
00:10:48,550 --> 00:10:46,240
can very quickly take a fairly

312
00:10:50,550 --> 00:10:48,560
dramatic turn we go down to two seeing

313
00:10:52,949 --> 00:10:50,560
things are very far away now

314
00:10:54,710 --> 00:10:52,959
now here i've i've listed the

315
00:10:56,550 --> 00:10:54,720
intersections of these lines so this is

316
00:10:57,990 --> 00:10:56,560
the first line of bearing the second

317
00:10:58,790 --> 00:10:58,000
line of bearing and the third line of

318
00:11:00,550 --> 00:10:58,800
bearing

319
00:11:02,630 --> 00:11:00,560
so this is the intersections of one with

320
00:11:04,069 --> 00:11:02,640
two one with three and two with three so

321
00:11:05,430 --> 00:11:04,079
it's just kind of showing roughly where

322
00:11:06,790 --> 00:11:05,440
they all intersect

323
00:11:08,630 --> 00:11:06,800
probably the interesting one is this

324
00:11:11,910 --> 00:11:08,640
this first one here intersect one

325
00:11:15,030 --> 00:11:11,920
two so this is the first ten seconds

326
00:11:17,350 --> 00:11:15,040
and uh i have it

327
00:11:18,230 --> 00:11:17,360
called out here the distance from here

328
00:11:20,389 --> 00:11:18,240
to here

329
00:11:21,670 --> 00:11:20,399
5.36 nautical miles with a rate of turn

330
00:11:23,670 --> 00:11:21,680
of 2.25

331
00:11:24,870 --> 00:11:23,680
we go back to three which is what uh

332
00:11:26,150 --> 00:11:24,880
chris was using

333
00:11:28,470 --> 00:11:26,160
and it's only three miles away three

334
00:11:29,030 --> 00:11:28,480
nautical miles which obviously is a bit

335
00:11:30,790 --> 00:11:29,040
close

336
00:11:32,550 --> 00:11:30,800
but anyway what if it was even lower

337
00:11:34,710 --> 00:11:32,560
what if it was all the way down to

338
00:11:36,389 --> 00:11:34,720
two you know now we're going up to eight

339
00:11:37,750 --> 00:11:36,399
nautical miles which is kind of

340
00:11:39,110 --> 00:11:37,760
getting more like it but it could be

341
00:11:41,030 --> 00:11:39,120
even lower than that like what about

342
00:11:44,069 --> 00:11:41,040
like you know 1.8

343
00:11:45,350 --> 00:11:44,079
uh 12 nautical miles or if it was like

344
00:11:46,949 --> 00:11:45,360
1.5 or

345
00:11:49,670 --> 00:11:46,959
32 nautical miles it's just all of a

346
00:11:51,829 --> 00:11:49,680
sudden gone really far away

347
00:11:54,069 --> 00:11:51,839
and if we keep going down it quickly

348
00:11:57,190 --> 00:11:54,079
pops into infinity

349
00:11:59,110 --> 00:11:57,200
so the idea that it's close depends very

350
00:12:01,190 --> 00:11:59,120
much on the rate of turn

351
00:12:03,269 --> 00:12:01,200
now chris said it's a standard rate of

352
00:12:06,389 --> 00:12:03,279
turn uh three degrees

353
00:12:06,870 --> 00:12:06,399
per uh second but is it though we can

354
00:12:11,110 --> 00:12:06,880
look at

355
00:12:12,870 --> 00:12:11,120
angle of the bank

356
00:12:14,230 --> 00:12:12,880
so we know the bank angle and we know

357
00:12:16,629 --> 00:12:14,240
the speed

358
00:12:18,069 --> 00:12:16,639
and we know uh we know the altitude but

359
00:12:19,030 --> 00:12:18,079
turns out that's not that's important

360
00:12:21,509 --> 00:12:19,040
because

361
00:12:22,790 --> 00:12:21,519
rate of turn is just based on true

362
00:12:24,870 --> 00:12:22,800
airspeed

363
00:12:27,430 --> 00:12:24,880
at least that's uh how i understand it i

364
00:12:31,750 --> 00:12:27,440
found this this chart

365
00:12:35,269 --> 00:12:31,760
which shows an fa18 as turn capabilities

366
00:12:37,829 --> 00:12:35,279
and down here we have the

367
00:12:38,629 --> 00:12:37,839
rate of turn calculator here over here

368
00:12:41,269 --> 00:12:38,639
we have true

369
00:12:42,150 --> 00:12:41,279
airspeed and down here we have the rate

370
00:12:44,629 --> 00:12:42,160
of turn

371
00:12:46,310 --> 00:12:44,639
so to figure out oh we have bank angles

372
00:12:48,389 --> 00:12:46,320
with different lines here

373
00:12:50,389 --> 00:12:48,399
so if we've got a bank angle of 30

374
00:12:52,389 --> 00:12:50,399
degrees what we do is we take the true

375
00:12:55,750 --> 00:12:52,399
air speed over here which was

376
00:12:56,150 --> 00:12:55,760
350 so just under this 360 line we go

377
00:12:58,550 --> 00:12:56,160
across

378
00:12:59,430 --> 00:12:58,560
until we intersect 30 degrees and then

379
00:13:02,150 --> 00:12:59,440
we go

380
00:13:04,310 --> 00:13:02,160
down and that brings us somewhere around

381
00:13:06,230 --> 00:13:04,320
i guess 1.75

382
00:13:07,670 --> 00:13:06,240
yeah something like that maybe a little

383
00:13:10,069 --> 00:13:07,680
uh one point seven it's a

384
00:13:11,670 --> 00:13:10,079
kind of logarithmic scale here what we

385
00:13:16,870 --> 00:13:11,680
can do is we can plug that

386
00:13:20,150 --> 00:13:16,880
into the equation here 1.7

387
00:13:21,670 --> 00:13:20,160
and it gives us 16 nautical miles away

388
00:13:23,430 --> 00:13:21,680
the very first intersect for the first

389
00:13:25,190 --> 00:13:23,440
10 seconds and actually over the first

390
00:13:26,069 --> 00:13:25,200
10 seconds it's not 30 degrees it's

391
00:13:29,110 --> 00:13:26,079
actually

392
00:13:31,030 --> 00:13:29,120
26 degrees if you measure the angle 26

393
00:13:32,629 --> 00:13:31,040
degrees so if it's 26 degrees that would

394
00:13:36,150 --> 00:13:32,639
be a line somewhere over here

395
00:13:39,829 --> 00:13:36,160
we can imagine this 350 coming across

396
00:13:42,310 --> 00:13:39,839
meeting the uh 26 degree line

397
00:13:44,310 --> 00:13:42,320
over here and then coming down it's even

398
00:13:45,910 --> 00:13:44,320
closer to 1.5 so it could be something

399
00:13:49,509 --> 00:13:45,920
like 1.6

400
00:13:52,949 --> 00:13:49,519
so let's go down to 1.6 and

401
00:13:55,110 --> 00:13:52,959
no it's uh 30 nautical miles away

402
00:13:56,710 --> 00:13:55,120
could possibly even be slightly over you

403
00:13:58,790 --> 00:13:56,720
know right now we're getting into the

404
00:14:00,629 --> 00:13:58,800
kind of asymptotic range where things

405
00:14:02,790 --> 00:14:00,639
diverge very very quickly so if it was a

406
00:14:03,829 --> 00:14:02,800
little bit slower there's 100 nautical

407
00:14:05,350 --> 00:14:03,839
miles

408
00:14:06,629 --> 00:14:05,360
and if we look at the the other

409
00:14:08,310 --> 00:14:06,639
intersection it's not even intersecting

410
00:14:10,470 --> 00:14:08,320
now because it's so far away

411
00:14:13,910 --> 00:14:10,480
we can go up down a little bit and poof

412
00:14:17,189 --> 00:14:13,920
cops who jumps to infinity

413
00:14:18,550 --> 00:14:17,199
so uh the question here you know i i

414
00:14:20,470 --> 00:14:18,560
don't know the exact answer because you

415
00:14:24,230 --> 00:14:20,480
know i could be making some mistake here

416
00:14:27,110 --> 00:14:24,240
that i could be misusing this uh i also

417
00:14:27,990 --> 00:14:27,120
use online calculators to do the same

418
00:14:31,430 --> 00:14:28,000
thing we can

419
00:14:33,110 --> 00:14:31,440
we can take the uh let's see

420
00:14:36,069 --> 00:14:33,120
we can use this as an online calculator

421
00:14:39,470 --> 00:14:36,079
to take 350 degrees take a bank angle of

422
00:14:40,710 --> 00:14:39,480
26 to calculate what we do it's like

423
00:14:44,069 --> 00:14:40,720
1.52

424
00:14:45,110 --> 00:14:44,079
degrees per second which if you stick

425
00:14:47,990 --> 00:14:45,120
that in

426
00:14:49,350 --> 00:14:48,000
to the the equations here 1.52 degrees

427
00:14:51,910 --> 00:14:49,360
per second

428
00:14:56,829 --> 00:14:51,920
and i can actually edit it directly i

429
00:15:02,310 --> 00:14:58,790
1.52

430
00:15:05,670 --> 00:15:02,320
72 nautical miles first intersection

431
00:15:09,350 --> 00:15:07,590
so i think there's some real questions

432
00:15:12,550 --> 00:15:09,360
here about chris's analysis

433
00:15:14,230 --> 00:15:12,560
is it actually close and perhaps we

434
00:15:15,590 --> 00:15:14,240
could resolve these questions what is

435
00:15:19,509 --> 00:15:15,600
the actual

436
00:15:23,030 --> 00:15:19,519
rate of turn of an f-18 in level flight

437
00:15:26,870 --> 00:15:23,040
at 25 000 feet with a 26

438
00:15:30,230 --> 00:15:26,880
28 or 30 degree bank to the left

439
00:15:31,110 --> 00:15:30,240
uh what will be the actual diameter of

440
00:15:33,269 --> 00:15:31,120
this circle

441
00:15:34,550 --> 00:15:33,279
and how far along it will we actually

442
00:15:37,509 --> 00:15:34,560
move given our

443
00:15:39,590 --> 00:15:37,519
true airspeed and what will these what

444
00:15:41,030 --> 00:15:39,600
will these lines point at will they

445
00:15:42,470 --> 00:15:41,040
point at something that's close or

446
00:15:45,749 --> 00:15:42,480
something that's far away

447
00:15:46,870 --> 00:15:45,759
based on my calculations just now using

448
00:15:47,910 --> 00:15:46,880
this chart

449
00:15:50,389 --> 00:15:47,920
it seems like they're pointing at

450
00:15:52,310 --> 00:15:50,399
something that's far away so let's try

451
00:15:54,470 --> 00:15:52,320
to resolve that

452
00:15:55,350 --> 00:15:54,480
and i'd be happy to talk to chris or

453
00:15:57,990 --> 00:15:55,360
anybody else

454
00:15:59,189 --> 00:15:58,000
regarding this but uh if i reached out

455
00:16:00,790 --> 00:15:59,199
on youtube and

456
00:16:02,150 --> 00:16:00,800
perhaps he didn't see my comments but so

457
00:16:03,430 --> 00:16:02,160
i haven't heard anything from him yet

458
00:16:08,150 --> 00:16:03,440
but i'd be happy to

459
00:16:10,790 --> 00:16:08,160
talk about it and go over it

460
00:16:12,230 --> 00:16:10,800
so i think yeah the rest of his gimbal

461
00:16:13,829 --> 00:16:12,240
debunking thing is mostly about he

462
00:16:15,749 --> 00:16:13,839
thinks the glare doesn't look

463
00:16:17,590 --> 00:16:15,759
like what he would expect a glare to

464
00:16:19,749 --> 00:16:17,600
look like but

465
00:16:21,430 --> 00:16:19,759
we've seen glares from planes and they

466
00:16:22,230 --> 00:16:21,440
do have these sharp outlines there's

467
00:16:24,870 --> 00:16:22,240
some by

468
00:16:26,150 --> 00:16:24,880
dave falch where he shows a glare that

469
00:16:28,470 --> 00:16:26,160
looks kind of similar

470
00:16:30,069 --> 00:16:28,480
and i've done experiments myself with a

471
00:16:32,069 --> 00:16:30,079
little thermal camera and

472
00:16:33,910 --> 00:16:32,079
you get this fairly sharp outline it

473
00:16:34,310 --> 00:16:33,920
must be i guess something to do with the

474
00:16:36,310 --> 00:16:34,320
way

475
00:16:37,509 --> 00:16:36,320
thermal images work you get a stark

476
00:16:40,790 --> 00:16:37,519
contrast

477
00:16:43,110 --> 00:16:40,800
and this kind of blob shape anyway so my

478
00:16:46,310 --> 00:16:43,120
point here is this is

479
00:16:48,710 --> 00:16:46,320
just simple facts and it's simple

480
00:16:50,310 --> 00:16:48,720
science and knowledge and mathematics

481
00:16:52,150 --> 00:16:50,320
that we should be able to come to some

482
00:16:53,910 --> 00:16:52,160
agreement on it doesn't have to be like

483
00:16:54,790 --> 00:16:53,920
you know i'm an expert or i'm not an

484
00:16:56,310 --> 00:16:54,800
expert

485
00:16:57,910 --> 00:16:56,320
and you have to trust me or trust

486
00:16:59,430 --> 00:16:57,920
someone else

487
00:17:01,990 --> 00:16:59,440
there should be a very straightforward

488
00:17:02,829 --> 00:17:02,000
answer to what is the rate of turn of

489
00:17:07,510 --> 00:17:02,839
this

490
00:17:09,590 --> 00:17:07,520
so let's figure that out i mean i'm

491
00:17:13,510 --> 00:17:09,600
thinking that it's you know more like

492
00:17:15,829 --> 00:17:13,520
1.6 degrees per second based on this uh

493
00:17:17,350 --> 00:17:15,839
this diagram here that perhaps i am

494
00:17:21,510 --> 00:17:17,360
misunderstanding it

495
00:17:24,870 --> 00:17:23,909
okay so if you're still with me i am

496
00:17:26,230 --> 00:17:24,880
going to

497
00:17:28,789 --> 00:17:26,240
kind of go through this just kind of

498
00:17:31,990 --> 00:17:28,799
explain what's actually going on

499
00:17:34,470 --> 00:17:32,000
uh just the the the broad mathematics of

500
00:17:35,750 --> 00:17:34,480
it so the first number i put into

501
00:17:38,390 --> 00:17:35,760
geogebra

502
00:17:40,230 --> 00:17:38,400
was this rate of turn and yeah i stuck

503
00:17:43,190 --> 00:17:40,240
it at three originally so let me just

504
00:17:45,190 --> 00:17:43,200
edit it back to three

505
00:17:46,789 --> 00:17:45,200
so that's degrees per second three

506
00:17:49,669 --> 00:17:46,799
degrees per second

507
00:17:51,669 --> 00:17:49,679
this turn 10 is how much it turns in 10

508
00:17:54,150 --> 00:17:51,679
degrees which is 30 degrees and you see

509
00:17:57,110 --> 00:17:54,160
that down here

510
00:17:58,470 --> 00:17:57,120
in 10 seconds between 0.1 and 0.2 it has

511
00:17:59,590 --> 00:17:58,480
moved 30 degrees and then it moves

512
00:18:02,630 --> 00:17:59,600
another 30 degrees to

513
00:18:06,070 --> 00:18:02,640
0.3 uh

514
00:18:10,230 --> 00:18:06,080
the turn 360 duration

515
00:18:10,870 --> 00:18:10,240
is the number of seconds it takes to go

516
00:18:14,230 --> 00:18:10,880
around

517
00:18:17,590 --> 00:18:14,240
the circle uh is

518
00:18:17,990 --> 00:18:17,600
is 120 for a two minute standard rate

519
00:18:20,710 --> 00:18:18,000
turn

520
00:18:21,750 --> 00:18:20,720
three degrees per second gives you 120.

521
00:18:24,870 --> 00:18:21,760
and this number here

522
00:18:27,590 --> 00:18:24,880
uh turn circ is turn circumference this

523
00:18:30,070 --> 00:18:27,600
is the circumference of this circle

524
00:18:31,430 --> 00:18:30,080
so this is the calculation here that uh

525
00:18:33,669 --> 00:18:31,440
everything depends on so you want to

526
00:18:36,230 --> 00:18:33,679
make sure you got this right so this is

527
00:18:37,110 --> 00:18:36,240
if we take the true air speed divide it

528
00:18:39,830 --> 00:18:37,120
by

529
00:18:41,190 --> 00:18:39,840
uh 3600 which is the number of seconds

530
00:18:43,830 --> 00:18:41,200
in an hour

531
00:18:46,230 --> 00:18:43,840
that converts not nautical miles per

532
00:18:49,029 --> 00:18:46,240
hour into nautical miles per second

533
00:18:49,830 --> 00:18:49,039
and then we multiply that by 120 120

534
00:18:52,789 --> 00:18:49,840
seconds

535
00:18:54,950 --> 00:18:52,799
to get the length in nautical miles of

536
00:18:55,430 --> 00:18:54,960
the circumference of this circle so it

537
00:18:58,710 --> 00:18:55,440
gives you

538
00:19:00,710 --> 00:18:58,720
11.67 about 12 nautical miles

539
00:19:03,029 --> 00:19:00,720
around you can then take the

540
00:19:05,110 --> 00:19:03,039
circumference and turn it into a radius

541
00:19:07,190 --> 00:19:05,120
by taking the turn circumference and

542
00:19:09,190 --> 00:19:07,200
divided by 2 pi

543
00:19:10,549 --> 00:19:09,200
because circumference is 2 times pi

544
00:19:11,990 --> 00:19:10,559
times the radius

545
00:19:14,950 --> 00:19:12,000
so that gives you a radius which is the

546
00:19:17,990 --> 00:19:14,960
distance from the center to the jet

547
00:19:20,310 --> 00:19:18,000
of 1.86

548
00:19:21,669 --> 00:19:20,320
and then we use that to construct all

549
00:19:23,430 --> 00:19:21,679
these other things so we construct a

550
00:19:26,310 --> 00:19:23,440
circle here this

551
00:19:27,110 --> 00:19:26,320
see this c here is a circle centered on

552
00:19:31,990 --> 00:19:27,120
point c

553
00:19:35,110 --> 00:19:32,000
with a turn radius uh of turn radius

554
00:19:36,549 --> 00:19:35,120
and then we can take the intersection of

555
00:19:38,710 --> 00:19:36,559
the 30 degree line

556
00:19:40,710 --> 00:19:38,720
with that circle and it gives you 0.2

557
00:19:41,830 --> 00:19:40,720
and the intersection of the 60 degree

558
00:19:44,789 --> 00:19:41,840
line with this circle

559
00:19:45,510 --> 00:19:44,799
gives you 0.3 so we can take each of

560
00:19:48,710 --> 00:19:45,520
these points

561
00:19:49,669 --> 00:19:48,720
and now we have the angle of the camera

562
00:19:52,070 --> 00:19:49,679
to the left

563
00:19:53,830 --> 00:19:52,080
and it's 53 degrees here so we take the

564
00:19:54,549 --> 00:19:53,840
the heading here at this point on the

565
00:19:56,470 --> 00:19:54,559
circle

566
00:19:58,789 --> 00:19:56,480
go 53 degrees to the left this gives you

567
00:20:01,430 --> 00:19:58,799
a line of bearing going over there

568
00:20:02,549 --> 00:20:01,440
take this one here we take 38 degrees to

569
00:20:04,470 --> 00:20:02,559
the left of the tangent

570
00:20:06,230 --> 00:20:04,480
of the circle gives you this line of

571
00:20:09,430 --> 00:20:06,240
bearing and this point here

572
00:20:11,190 --> 00:20:09,440
finally 21 degrees to the left of the

573
00:20:12,710 --> 00:20:11,200
tangent to the circle

574
00:20:14,390 --> 00:20:12,720
and it gives you this line of bearing so

575
00:20:17,190 --> 00:20:14,400
we've got the three lines of bearing

576
00:20:18,470 --> 00:20:17,200
which are all you know the same as as in

577
00:20:21,909 --> 00:20:18,480
chris's

578
00:20:23,430 --> 00:20:21,919
uh diagram earlier and uh then

579
00:20:24,950 --> 00:20:23,440
i'm simply taking the intersection

580
00:20:28,230 --> 00:20:24,960
between the lines here

581
00:20:29,590 --> 00:20:28,240
so given that this is all computed from

582
00:20:31,510 --> 00:20:29,600
the rate of turn

583
00:20:33,830 --> 00:20:31,520
and the true airspeed the only two two

584
00:20:36,070 --> 00:20:33,840
variables we have here

585
00:20:37,830 --> 00:20:36,080
other than 10 second intervals we can

586
00:20:39,430 --> 00:20:37,840
then take the rate of turn and we can we

587
00:20:41,110 --> 00:20:39,440
can adjust it and see what effect it has

588
00:20:42,630 --> 00:20:41,120
now obviously if we go down to

589
00:20:45,270 --> 00:20:42,640
a zero rated term we're going in a

590
00:20:47,750 --> 00:20:45,280
straight line and the the

591
00:20:49,190 --> 00:20:47,760
the circle flattens out but you know

592
00:20:50,630 --> 00:20:49,200
we're interested in

593
00:20:52,230 --> 00:20:50,640
standard rate of turn looks like this

594
00:20:54,950 --> 00:20:52,240
looks like chris's diagram

595
00:20:55,510 --> 00:20:54,960
rate of turn that's lower like 1.8 or

596
00:20:57,750 --> 00:20:55,520
whatever

597
00:21:00,470 --> 00:20:57,760
things get to be much much further away

598
00:21:03,590 --> 00:21:00,480
uh say 12 nautical miles there for 1.8

599
00:21:06,789 --> 00:21:03,600
or 42 multiple miles for

600
00:21:09,590 --> 00:21:06,799
that and down below 1.5 it's it's

601
00:21:11,750 --> 00:21:09,600
infinitely far away

602
00:21:12,710 --> 00:21:11,760
so i'll place a link to this calculator

603
00:21:14,390 --> 00:21:12,720
so you can verify

604
00:21:16,310 --> 00:21:14,400
all this yourself but all the math is

605
00:21:18,070 --> 00:21:16,320
here just on the side panel

606
00:21:19,430 --> 00:21:18,080
it's all very straightforward you can do

607
00:21:22,390 --> 00:21:19,440
it yourself

608
00:21:23,510 --> 00:21:22,400
and it's a it's it's you know doing it

609
00:21:26,149 --> 00:21:23,520
with pencil and paper

610
00:21:28,070 --> 00:21:26,159
is great but it you you get one diagram

611
00:21:29,750 --> 00:21:28,080
and this way you can very easily

612
00:21:32,310 --> 00:21:29,760
experiment with differences and you can

613
00:21:33,270 --> 00:21:32,320
see what a lot of resistance difference

614
00:21:36,549 --> 00:21:33,280
a small

615
00:21:40,230 --> 00:21:38,710
so yeah probably lost most of the

616
00:21:41,990 --> 00:21:40,240
audience with that technical thing but

617
00:21:45,110 --> 00:21:42,000
if you're still here listening

618
00:21:46,789 --> 00:21:45,120
uh let's uh let's work it out

619
00:21:49,270 --> 00:21:46,799
let's figure out what's actually going

620
00:21:52,470 --> 00:21:49,280
on here i'm open to being wrong

621
00:21:53,110 --> 00:21:52,480
but i think i've raised a valid point

622
00:21:55,430 --> 00:21:53,120
here that